What Causes ?  

Infertility Diagnosis  

Medical History and Physical Examination

This is usually the first test to be conducted. It is used to check the levels of hormones such as estrogen, progesterone and testosterone that aid in pregnancy and to screen for a disease that could affect fertility such as Chlamydia and Rubella. Some blood tests may be scheduled around the woman's menstrual period.

One will be assessed for his detailed medical history and lifestyle, like

  • childhood diseases
  • current health problems
  • current medications
  • if he is facing any difficulty with sexual functioning
  • Exposure to any environmental or lifestyle-related causes might be leading to infertility.

    An anatomical examination is done to get an insight on anatomical abnormalities such as undescended testes, maturation issues, varicocele and obstruction in the semen pathway, often followed by a Scrotal Ultrasound and Doppler.

    01

    Scrotal Ultrasound

    An ultrasound in scrotal allows the doctors to look for signs of a varicocele or any other such issue with the testicles.

    02

    Semen Analysis

    This is a routine lab test in which semen is collected in a sterile tube and the sample is studied. The sample is taken after an abstinence period of 2 - 5 days.

    Both the quantity and quality of sperm in semen play an important role in determining infertility. A semen analysis can indicate the sperm concentration in the semen, the shape of sperm, average sperm motility and signs of infections (if any). In most cases, more than one semen analysis may be needed to get an accurate picture of sperm health.

    Low sperms or no sperm indicate blockage of the ejaculatory duct, which can be corrected through surgery.

    03

    Testicular Biopsy

    If semen analysis shows no or low sperm, a testicular biopsy is done to evaluate whether there is sperm in the testicles. The procedure involves taking a small sample from the testicles under local anesthesia and helps to determine whether the lack of sperm is caused by a blockage or low sperm production.

    04

    Hormone Evaluation

    Serological tests are must-do, to ensure that one is infection-free. Hormone evaluation is done to check the levels of testosterone, FSH, Inhibin etc. These hormones are responsible for the production of healthy sperms. This usually helps the doctors to rule out if one is suffering from any other underlying health problem.

    05

    Post-ejaculation Urinalysis

    This test is used to check for the presence of sperm in the urine. If present, it could be a sign of retrograde ejaculation.

    06

    Karyotyping

    This genetic test analyses chromosomes and evaluates chromosomal anomalies that could result in impaired semen parameters.

    07

    Sperm DNA Fragmentation

    The Sperm DNA Fragmentation test looks at the quality of the DNA within the sperm. High levels of DNA fragmentation is a key cause of unexplained infertility, recurrent miscarriage and failed IUI or IVF cycles.

    08

    Anti-sperm Antibody Test

    This test is done to see if one produces antibodies that affect the motility and/or mobility of his sperm.

    09

    Specialised Sperm Function Test

    A number of other tests may also be advised to check how well the sperm behave after ejaculation. This determines if they have the ability to penetrate the egg properly.

    10

    Scrotal Ultrasound

    An ultrasound in scrotal allows the doctors to look for signs of a varicocele or any other such issue with the testicles.

    02

    Semen Analysis

    This is a routine lab test in which semen is collected in a sterile tube and the sample is studied. The sample is taken after an abstinence period of 2 - 5 days.

    Both the quantity and quality of sperm in semen play an important role in determining infertility. A semen analysis can indicate the sperm concentration in the semen, the shape of sperm, average sperm motility and signs of infections (if any). In most cases, more than one semen analysis may be needed to get an accurate picture of sperm health.

    Low sperms or no sperm indicate blockage of the ejaculatory duct, which can be corrected through surgery.

    03

    Post-ejaculation Urinalysis

    This test is used to check for the presence of sperm in the urine. If present, it could be a sign of retrograde ejaculation.

    06

    Hormone Evaluation

    Serological tests are must-do, to ensure that one is infection-free. Hormone evaluation is done to check the levels of testosterone, FSH, Inhibin etc. These hormones are responsible for the production of healthy sperms. This usually helps the doctors to rule out if one is suffering from any other underlying health problem.

    05

    Karyotyping

    This genetic test analyses chromosomes and evaluates chromosomal anomalies that could result in impaired semen parameters.

    07

    Sperm DNA Fragmentation

    The Sperm DNA Fragmentation test looks at the quality of the DNA within the sperm. High levels of DNA fragmentation is a key cause of unexplained infertility, recurrent miscarriage and failed IUI or IVF cycles.

    08

    Specialised Sperm Function Test

    A number of other tests may also be advised to check how well the sperm behave after ejaculation. This determines if they have the ability to penetrate the egg properly.

    10

    Anti-sperm Antibody Test

    This test is done to see if one produces antibodies that affect the motility and/or mobility of his sperm.

    09

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